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1.
Cambios rev. méd ; 22(1): 897, 30 Junio 2023. tabs.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1451961

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN. El síndrome del impostor es un trastorno caracterizado por la incapacidad del individuo para reconocer sus habilidades e interiorizar sus logros, lo cual impacta negativamente en la salud mental y desempeño académico-laboral. OBJETIVO. Identificar la prevalencia del síndrome del impostor y nivel de autoestima en estudiantes de una facultad de medicina del Ecuador. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS. Estudio transversal descriptivo, aplicado en los estudiantes de medicina de segundo a décimo nivel, de la facultad de medicina de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador en el periodo febrero a junio de 2022. Para el análisis estadístico se aplicaron frecuencias absolutas y relativas, tablas cruzadas, razón de prevalencia, chi cuadrado como contraste de hipótesis. RESULTADOS. La mayoría de estudiantes con síndrome de impostor fueron mujeres (74,2%); pertenecer al sexo femenino aumentó dos veces su probabilidad (Razón de prevalencia: 2,12; Índice de confianza: 95% 1,66-2,17; p: <0,001). Para el sexo masculino autopercibirse como perfeccionista incrementó dos veces la probabilidad (Razón de prevalencia: 2,3; Índice de confianza: 95% 1,53-3,46; p: < 0,001). La autoestima baja no se asoció a mayor probabilidad de desarrollar este síndrome. En contraste, no percibir apoyo social incrementó al doble su probabilidad (Razón de prevalencia: 1,72; Índice de confianza: 95% 1,16-2,55; p 0,007). DISCUSIÓN. Estudios previos muestran elevada prevalencia de este síndrome en estudiantes medicina, con predominio en mujeres. En concordancia con la literatura citada, no existió asociación entre nivel de carrera y síndrome del impostor; el perfeccionismo se asocia a mayor probabilidad de síndrome del impostor. CONCLUSIÓN. El síndrome del impostor es frecuente en estudiantes de medicina, existen factores determinantes que incrementan la probabilidad del síndrome como ser mujer, autopercibirse como perfeccionista en la población masculina y no percibir apoyo social, la importancia de su reconocimiento reside en la prevención del distrés psicológico y la deserción académica.


INTRODUCTION. Impostor syndrome is a disorder characterized by an individual's inability to recognize his or her abilities and internalize his or her accomplishments, which negatively impacts mental health and academic and occupational performance. OBJECTIVE. To identify the prevalence of impostor syndrome and level of self-esteem in students of a medical school in Ecuador. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Descriptive cross-sectional study, applied to medical students from second to tenth level, of the medical school of the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador in the period January to June 2022. For the statistical analysis, absolute and relative frequencies, cross tables, prevalence ratio, chi-square and hypothesis testing were applied. RESULTS. The majority of students with impostor syndrome were female (74.2%); belonging to the female sex increased their probability twice (Prevalence ratio: 2.12; Confidence index: 95% 1.66-2.17; p: < 0.001). For the male sex, self-perceiving oneself as a perfectionist increased the probability twice (Prevalence ratio: 2.3; Confidence index: 95% 1.53-3.46; p: < 0.001). Low self-esteem was not associated with a higher probability of developing this syndrome. In contrast, not perceiving social support doubled its probability (Prevalence ratio: 1.72; Confidence index: 95% 1.16-2.55; p 0.007). DISCUSSION. Previous studies show a high prevalence of this syndrome in medical students, with a predominance in women. In agreement with the literature cited, there was no association between career level and impostor syndrome; perfectionism is associated with a higher probability of impostor syndrome. CONCLUSIONS. Impostor syndrome is frequent in medical students, there are determinant factors that increase the probability of the syndrome such as being a woman, self-perceived perfectionism in the male population and not perceiving social support, the importance of its recognition lies in the prevention of psychological distress and academic desertion.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Self Concept , Student Dropouts/psychology , Students, Medical , Mental Health , Body Dissatisfaction/psychology , Psychological Distress , Prevalence , Affective Symptoms , Ecuador , Performance Anxiety
2.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 45(5): 281-288, May 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1449730

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) can affect women's lives through various physical, psychological, social and even sexual mechanisms. According to the World Health Organization guidelines for managing the health effects of FGM/C, further research into its psychological effects and preventative measures is required. In this study, a comprehensive review of the mental health consequences of circumcised women of reproductive age has been conducted with a special focus on providing preventive solutions. Methods: A comprehensive search of the Web of Science, PubMed(MEDLINE), Proquest ,Scopus and Google scholar was carried outfrom 2000 to 2022. The second stage of search was conducted in grey literature. To facilitate a systematic approach to search the literature, the PECO framework, was adopted. Results: The result of this narrative review study showed that, the most common mental health disorder in reproductive age circumcised women were depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Some studies found a significant relationship between parents' education level and circumcised girls, so that parents of the circumcised women had a low level of education. Two studies considered religious beliefs, tradition, cleanness, sexual desire control and virginity as the reasons for FGM/C. Conclusion: All forms of FGM/C may be harmful to one's health. Women, who have undergone widespread forms of circumcision, are more likely to develop mental disorders. As the psychosocial effects of circumcision can affect the sexual experience of circumcised women, addressing this issue, emphasizing its legal aspects, and providing preventative solutions can improve physical, mental, social, and even sexual health in circumcised women.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Circumcision, Female , Affective Symptoms , Depression
3.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 45(3): 149-159, Mar. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1449714

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: This article aims to review the literature regarding the use of technologies to promote mental health for pregnant women. We seek to: understand the strategies that pregnant women use for mental health care. Also, we investigate the existence of scientific evidence that validates such practices. Methods: This study follows the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews. We analyze 27 studies published between 2012 and 2019. We include publications in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. Results: The results revealed several different possibilities to use technology, including the use of text messages and mobile applications on smartphones. Mobile applications are the most commonly used approaches (22.5%). Regarding the strategies used, cognitive-behavioral approaches, including mood checks, relaxation exercises, and psychoeducation comprised 44.12% of the content. Conclusion: There is a need for further investigation and research and development efforts in this field to better understand the possibilities of intervention in mental health in the digital age.


Resumo Objetivo: Este artigo objetiva revisar a literatura quanto ao uso das tecnologias como promotoras de saúde mental de gestantes. Desta forma, compreender quais são as estratégias utilizadas no cuidado da saúde mental dessas mulheres, assim como verificar se há evidências científicas que justifiquem a implementação dessas práticas. Métodos: Este estudo segue o protocolo PRISMA para revisões sistemáticas de 27 estudos publicados em 2012-2019, incluindo publicações em português, inglês e espanhol. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram diferentes possibilidades de utilização da tecnologia, sendo o uso de mensagens de texto e de aplicativos em smartphones mais os utilizados (22,5%). No que se refere às ferramentas utilizadas, estratégias cognitivo-comportamentais, tais como verificação do humor, exercícios de relaxamento e psicoeducação compreenderam 44,12% do conteúdo. Conclusão: Verifica-se a necessidade de mais investimentos nessa área para que se possa compreender as possibilidades de intervenção em saúde mental na era digital.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications , Prenatal Care , Telemedicine , Affective Symptoms/prevention & control
4.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e247962, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1422424

ABSTRACT

Resumo Conceitos como o de alteridade, encontro de saberes, polifasia cognitiva, o princípio de familiaridade e de representações sociais operaram na complexa tarefa de compreender como os encontros entre profissionais e usuários sustentavam e/ou transformavam as práticas de acolhimento. Entretanto, a experiência da minha pesquisa de doutorado me levou a questionar os próprios conceitos utilizados da Teoria das Representações Sociais. Ao final do ensaio, após discutir aspectos teórico-metodológicos, o princípio de familiaridade e a questão da tensão e dos afetos nas representações sociais, espero evidenciar como o movimento provocado pelo encontro com usuários e profissionais de uma Rede de Atenção Psicossocial levou-me a questionar pontos essenciais da teoria: o papel domesticador das representações, a forma ainda estática de evidenciar os fenômenos, a separação entre um sujeito que representa e o objeto representado e a dificuldade em usar suas ferramentas conceituais para acompanhar processos me fazem repensar meu lugar e minha função de pesquisador.


Abstract Concepts such as alterity, encounter of knowledge, cognitive polyphasia, the principle of familiarity and the very concept of social representations operated in the complex task of understanding how the encounters between professionals and users supported and / or transformed user embracement practices. However, the experience of my doctoral research led me to question the very concepts used in the Theory of Social Representations. At the end of the essay, after discussing theoretical and methodological aspects, the principle of familiarity and the issue of tension and affects in social representations, I hope to show how the movement caused by the encounter with users and professionals of a Psychosocial Care Network, led me to question essential points of the theory: the domesticating role of representations, the still static way of showing phenomena, the separation between a subject that represents and the object represented and the difficulty in using their conceptual tools to accompany processes makes me rethink my place and role as a researcher.


Resumen Conceptos como la alteridad, el encuentro de saberes, la polifasia cognitiva, el principio de familiaridad y el concepto mismo de representaciones sociales operaron en la compleja tarea de comprender cómo los encuentros entre profesionales y usuarios apoyaron y / o transformaron las prácticas de acogimiento. Sin embargo, la experiencia de mi investigación doctoral me llevó a cuestionar los propios conceptos utilizados en la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales. Al final del ensayo, después de discutir aspectos teóricos y metodológicos, el principio de familiaridad y el tema de tensión y afectos en las representaciones sociales, Espero mostrar cómo el movimiento provocado por el encuentro con usuarios y profesionales de una Red de Atención Psicosocial, me llevó a cuestionar puntos esenciales de la teoría: el rol domesticador de las representaciones, la forma todavía estática de mostrar los fenómenos, la separación entre un sujeto que representa y el objeto representado y la dificultad para utilizar sus herramientas conceptuales para acompañar procesos, me hace repensar mi lugar y rol como investigador.


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychology, Social , Qualitative Research , Social Representation , Pain , Politics , Prejudice , Psychiatry , Psychology , Public Policy , Rehabilitation , Sex Offenses , Social Isolation , Social Support , Socioeconomic Factors , Sociology , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome , Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms , Thinking , Unemployment , Health Surveillance , Ill-Housed Persons , Family , Illicit Drugs , Hygiene , Mental Health , Crack Cocaine , Life , Substance-Related Disorders , Affective Symptoms , State , Aggression , Depressive Disorder , Economics , Empathy , Methodology as a Subject , User Embracement , Ethics , Mental Fatigue , Drug Users , Drug Overdose , Compassion Fatigue , Emotional Adjustment , Pessimism , Psychological Trauma , Psychiatric Rehabilitation , Occupational Stress , Incivility , Survivorship , Worldview , Freedom , Self-Neglect , Solidarity , Psychological Distress , Food Insecurity , Home Environment , Social Vulnerability , Homicide , Hospitals, Psychiatric , Intelligence , Life Change Events , Loneliness , Mental Disorders
5.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e247960, 2023. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1422417

ABSTRACT

Buscou-se compreender a percepção dos profissionais das medidas socioeducativas acerca do seu engajamento e exaustão com o trabalho. Para isso, realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada a três integrantes da equipe técnica e dois coordenadores de segurança (idades entre 28 e 57 anos). A análise dos dados foi conduzida com o auxílio do software Iramuteq, que gerou cinco classes temáticas: a) rotina das unidades socioeducativas e as demandas do trabalho dos profissionais; b) gestão de conflitos nas unidades, da mediação à polícia; c) recursos pessoais e institucionais relacionados ao exercício da profissão; d) aspectos relacionados ao contexto de trabalho; e, por último, e) indicadores de esgotamento laboral, adversidades e adoecimento profissional. Os participantes descreveram diversas demandas relacionadas à exaustão física e psicológica (e.g. equipe reduzida, insalubridade, baixo salário e fragilidade do vínculo empregatício), mas também ressaltaram a relevância social de sua prática profissional junto aos adolescentes e o relacionamento positivo entre os profissionais como fatores que justificam o seu engajamento e permanência nas instituições socioeducativas. Conclui-se evidenciando que os contextos têm influência direta na saúde desses profissionais, o que sublinha a importância de se olhar para suas condições de trabalho e para aspectos ligados à saúde mental, promovendo, desse modo, avanços na realidade socioeducativa.(AU)


The aim was to understand the perception of professionals of socio-educational measures about their engagement and exhaustion with work. To that end, a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory study was carried out by means of a semi-structured interview with three members of the technical team and two safety coordinators (ages between 28 and 57 years). Data analysis was conducted with the help of the IRAMUTEQ software, which generated five thematic classes: a) routine of socio-educational units and work demands of professionals; b) conflict management in the units, from mediation to the police; c) personal and institutional resources related to the exercise of the profession; d) aspects related to the work context; and, lastly, e) indicators of labor exhaustion, adversity, and occupational illness. Participants described several demands related to physical and psychological exhaustion (e.g. reduced team, insalubrity, low salary, and fragility of the employment relationship), but also emphasized the social relevance of their professional practice with adolescents and the positive relationship among professionals as factors that justify their engagement and permanence in socio- educational institutions. It is concluded that the contexts have a direct influence on the health of these professionals, which highlights the importance of looking at their working conditions and aspects related to mental health, thus promoting advances in the socio-educational reality.(AU)


Se procuró comprender la percepción de los profesionales que trabajan con medidas socioeducativas sobre su comprometimiento y el agotamiento en el trabajo. Para esto, se realizó un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio, por medio de una entrevista semiestructurada a tres integrantes del equipo técnico y dos coordinadores de seguridad (edades entre 28 y 57 años). El análisis de los datos fue conducido en el software IRAMUTEQ, que generó cinco clases temáticas: a) rutina de las unidades socioeducativas: demandas del trabajo de los profesionales; b) manejo de conflictos en las unidades: desde la mediación hasta la policía; c) recursos personales e institucionales relacionados al ejercicio de la profesión; d) aspectos relacionados al contexto del trabajo; e) indicadores de agotamiento laboral, adversidades y enfermedad del profesional. Los participantes describieron diversas demandas relacionadas al agotamiento físico y psicológico (por ej.: equipo reducido, insalubridad, bajos sueldos y fragilidad del vínculo laboral), pero también destacaron la importancia social de su práctica profesional junto a los adolescentes y el vínculo positivo entre los profesionales como factores que justifican su comprometimiento y permanencia en las instituciones socioeducativas. Se concluye que los contextos influyen directamente en la salud de estos profesionales, lo que rescata la importancia de verificar sus condiciones de trabajo y los aspectos relacionados a la salud mental, promoviendo, de este modo, avances en la realidad socioeducativa.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Societies , Burnout, Professional , Education , Work Engagement , Anxiety , Orientation , Personnel Loyalty , Personnel Turnover , Psychology , Public Policy , Punishment , Rehabilitation , Reinforcement, Psychology , Audiovisual Aids , Self Concept , Social Change , Social Control, Informal , Social Problems , Social Sciences , Social Values , Socialization , Sports , Suicide , Violence , Vocational Guidance , Work , Computer Simulation , Software , Occupational Risks , Cardiovascular Diseases , Illicit Drugs , Child Advocacy , Mental Health , Occupational Health , Adolescent, Institutionalized , Adolescent Behavior , Civil Defense , Parenting , Family Planning Policy , Interview , Crime , Affective Symptoms , Culture , Dangerous Behavior , Public Attorneys , Decision Making , Dehumanization , Trust , Aggression , Depersonalization , Depression , Diagnosis , Dreams , Education, Professional , Educational Status , Employment , Inpatient Care Units , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Family Conflict , Fatigue , Social Marginalization , Emotional Adjustment , Underage Drinking , Professionalism , Harassment, Non-Sexual , Freedom , Adverse Childhood Experiences , Respect , Community Support , Citizenship , Human Rights , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders , Labor Unions , Leisure Activities , Morale , Occupational Diseases
6.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e256659, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1529213

ABSTRACT

Em 2020, o mundo enfrentou uma grave emergência de saúde pública devido à pandemia de COVID-19, que impactou significativamente a mobilidade humana e a vida cotidiana de milhares de imigrantes ao redor do mundo. Este artigo fez uso de entrevistas online e por telefone com imigrantes que chegaram ao Brasil a partir de 2016, para identificar as estratégias de enfrentamento adotadas durante a pandemia. Foi realizada uma análise transversal das entrevistas com o auxílio do software Atlas.ti 9, usando a técnica sistemática de categorização iterativa. Com base em uma perspectiva sociocultural em psicologia, o artigo introduz os impactos iniciais da pandemia em diferentes esferas da vida cotidiana desses imigrantes e apresenta as estratégias mobilizadas para restaurar continuidades funcionais e relacionais em um momento no qual as rupturas provocadas pela migração e pela pandemia se sobrepõem. Entre outros, podese identificar como os entrevistados ativaram rapidamente as redes sociais locais e transnacionais virtualmente, mobilizando competências e habilidades aprendidas durante a migração.(AU)


In 2020, the world faced a serious public health emergency due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which has significantly impacted human mobility and the daily lives of thousands of immigrants around the world. This article uses online and telephone interviews conducted with migrants who arrived in Brazil in 2016, to identify coping strategies employed during the pandemic. A transversal analysis of all interviews was conducted with the aid of the software Atlas.ti 9, using a systematic approach of iterative categorization. From a sociocultural perspective in psychology, the article introduces the initial impacts of the pandemic in different spheres of everyday life of these immigrants. With this everyday context, we present the strategies mobilized by immigrants to restore functional and relational continuities at a moment in which the ruptures caused by migration and the pandemic overlap. In particular, we identify how interviewees rapidly activated local and transnational social networks virtually, mobilizing skills learnt during migration.(AU)


En 2020, el mundo se enfrentó a un grave estado de emergencia en salud pública debido a la pandemia del COVID-19, que impactó significativamente la movilidad humana y la vida cotidiana de miles de inmigrantes en todo el mundo. Este artículo realizó entrevistas en línea y por teléfono con inmigrantes quienes llegaron a Brasil a partir de 2016, con el fin de identificar sus estrategias de afrontamiento adoptadas durante la pandemia. Se realizó un análisis transversal de las entrevistas con la ayuda del software Atlas.ti 9, utilizando la técnica sistemática de categorización iterativa. Desde una perspectiva sociocultural en Psicología, este artículo expone los impactos iniciales de la pandemia en diferentes ámbitos de la vida cotidiana de estos inmigrantes y presenta las estrategias movilizadas para restaurar las continuidades funcionales y relacionales en un momento en que se superponen las rupturas causadas por la migración y la pandemia. Entre otros aspectos, se puede identificar cómo los entrevistados activaron virtualmente las redes sociales locales y transnacionales movilizando habilidades y destrezas aprendidas durante la migración.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Adaptation, Psychological , Cultural Characteristics , Emigration and Immigration , COVID-19 , Anxiety , Aptitude , Politics , Psychology , Psychology, Social , Public Policy , Quality of Life , Refugees , Safety , Salaries and Fringe Benefits , Social Change , Social Desirability , Social Isolation , Social Mobility , Social Problems , Social Sciences , Social Work , Socioeconomic Factors , Unemployment , Viruses , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Brazil , Career Mobility , Economic Development , Quarantine , Communicable Disease Control , Family Characteristics , Adjustment Disorders , Hygiene , Mental Health , Disease Outbreaks , Mortality , Immunization , Population Growth , Universal Precautions , Clinical Competence , Workplace , Interview , Disease Transmission, Infectious , Disease Notification , Refugee Camps , Endemic Diseases , Credentialing , Crisis Intervention , Affective Symptoms , Culture , Terrorism , Capitalism , Internationality , Disasters , Economics , Employment , Environment and Public Health , Job Market , Ethics , Products Distribution , Cultural Competency , Resilience, Psychological , Fear , Economic Recession , Policy , Remuneration , Forecasting , Faith-Based Organizations , Expression of Concern , Right to seek Asylum , Respect , Psychological Distress , Transtheoretical Model , Physical Distancing , Food Insecurity , Social Vulnerability , Disaster Operations , Human Development , Human Rights , Income , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders , Learning , Leisure Activities , Life Change Events , Loneliness
7.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e253652, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1448950

ABSTRACT

Martin Heidegger, em sua ontologia, destaca uma característica específica da atualidade que atravessa o comportamento humano, na filosofia, na ciência ou no senso comum: o esquecimento do ser. O filósofo diferencia a época atual das demais épocas históricas. O horizonte histórico contemporâneo se desvela por meio do desafio e da exploração, da tentativa de controle e domínio dos acontecimentos, ao modo da disponibilidade e em função da produtividade. O filósofo esclarece que todo esse desenraizamento do homem atual está atrelado ao esquecimento daquilo que é o mais essencial, qual seja, a existência. A questão que norteia este estudo é apurar, por meio das referências de Heidegger e dos estudos sobre suicídio, o quanto a interpretação da morte voluntária nos dias atuais está atravessada por tal esquecimento. Pretendemos investigar o quanto as ações de prevenção desenvolvidas pela suicidologia se encontram atravessadas por tal esquecimento do ser do homem e, dessa forma, acabam por estabelecer relações entre ser e ente em uma consequente redução ao ente como invariante e atemporal. O caminho para investigar a questão iniciará por abordar, em maiores detalhes, a analítica existencial, a questão da técnica e o movimento de esquecimento do ser apontados por Heidegger a fim de problematizar as perspectivas científicas atuais sobre o suicídio em sua prevenção para, então, estabelecer uma compreensão fenomenológica e existencial sobre o referido fenômeno.(AU)


Martin Heidegger, in his ontology, highlights a specific characteristic of the present moment that crosses human behavior, in philosophy, science, or common sense: the forgetfulness of being. The philosopher differentiates the current age from other historical ages. The contemporary historical horizon is unveiled by the challenge and the exploration, from the attempt to control and dominate events, to the mode of standing reserve and in terms of productivity. The philosopher clarifies that all this uprooting of the current man is linked to the forgetfulness of what is the most essential, namely, the existence itself. The question that guides this study is to investigate, via Heidegger's references and studies on suicide, to what extent the interpretation of voluntary death today is crossed by such forgetfulness. We intend to investigate to what extent the prevention actions developed by suicidology are crossed by such forgetfulness of the human's being and, in this way, they end up establishing relationships between being and entity in a consequent reduction to entity as an invariant and timeless. The path to investigate the issue will start by addressing, in greater detail, the existential analytics, the question concerning technique and the movement of forgetting the being pointed out by Heidegger to problematize the current scientific perspectives on suicide and its prevention to, then, propose a phenomenological and existential understanding about the referred phenomenon.(AU)


Martin Heidegger en su ontología destaca una característica específica del presente que atraviesa el comportamiento humano, ya sea en la filosofía, la ciencia o el sentido común: el olvido del ser. El filósofo diferencia la época actual de otras épocas históricas. El horizonte histórico contemporáneo se devela el desafío y la exploración, el intento de controlar y dominar los eventos, en la modalidad de disponibilidad y en términos de productividad. Y así aclara que todo este desarraigo del hombre actual está involucrado en el olvido de lo más esencial, que es la existencia misma. A partir de las referencias a Heidegger y de los estudios sobre el suicidio, este estudio busca saber hasta qué punto la interpretación de la muerte voluntaria hoy está atravesada por este olvido. Pretendemos investigar en qué medida las acciones de prevención desarrolladas por la suicidología se encuentran atravesadas por el olvido del ser del hombre y, de esta manera, terminan por establecer relaciones entre el ser y el ente, en una consecuente reducción al ente como invariante y atemporal. Para investigar el tema se abordará inicialmente, con mayor detalle, la analítica existencial, la cuestión de la técnica y el movimiento del olvido del ser señalado por Heidegger para problematizar las perspectivas científicas actuales sobre el suicidio y su prevención y, luego, proponer una comprensión fenomenológica y existencial sobre el referido fenómeno.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Suicide , Disease Prevention , Suicide Prevention , Anxiety , Pain , Personality , Psychiatry , Psychological Phenomena , Psychology , Psychopathology , Psychotic Disorders , Schizophrenia , Social Problems , Stress, Psychological , Suicide, Attempted , Therapeutics , Behavior , Behavioral Sciences , Neurosciences , Humans , Power, Psychological , Family , Catatonia , Mental Health , Causality , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Self-Injurious Behavior , Panic Disorder , Suicide, Assisted , Cognition , Combat Disorders , Conflict, Psychological , Conscience , Meditation , Life , Substance-Related Disorders , Crisis Intervention , Affective Symptoms , Death , Depression , Drive , Alcoholism , Existentialism , Mental Fatigue , Theory of Mind , Suicidal Ideation , Apathy , Pandemics , Gene Ontology , Behavior Observation Techniques , Moral Status , Freedom , Sadness , Emotional Regulation , Psychological Distress , Suicide, Completed , Genetics, Behavioral , Interpersonal Relations , Life Change Events , Life Style , Loneliness , Mental Disorders , Morals , Dissociative Identity Disorder , Neurotic Disorders , Obsessive Behavior , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
8.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1525938

ABSTRACT

Objective: To compare the affective response of postmenopausal women who undergo 6 weeks of resistance training on stable and unstable surfaces. Methods: This randomized counterbalanced cross-over study carried included 14 postmenopausal women (55 [SD, 3] years; height 1.55 [SD, 0.03] m; body mass 78.70 [SD, 12.00] kg; and body mass index 32.80 [SD, 4.90] kg/m²), who underwent 6 weeks of resistance training on stable and unstable surfaces. The participants were initially allocated to 1 experimental condition (stable or unstable) in a randomized counterbalanced manner. The intervention consisted of 8 exercises in 3 series of 8-10 repetitions, with intervals of 60-90 seconds, for 3 weeks. After the first 3-week protocol, they were switched to the other experimental condition for another 3 weeks. To evaluate affective response, the Hardy and Rejeski Sensation Scale was applied weekly at the end of each exercise and again at the end of the 6 weeks. Results: Affective response was similar to the general affect observed at the end of the sessions (stable surface: 5.00 [3.00]; unstable surface: 5.00 [1.00]; p = 0.114), except for the bridge exercise (stable surface: 3.00 [2.00]; unstable surface: 4.00 [2.00]; p = 0.048]). Conclusions: The affective response of these women was not affected by training on unstable surfaces, except for the bridge exercise, in which the unstable surface increased affective response


Objetivo: Comparar as respostas afetivas de mulheres pós-menopausadas submetidas a seis semanas de treinamento com pesos realizado em superfície estável e instável. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo cross-over, randomizado e contrabalanceado realizado com 14 mulheres pós-menopausadas (55 ± 3 anos; estatura de 1,55 ± 0,03 m; massa corporal 78,70 ± 12,00 kg; e índice de massa corporal de 32,80 ± 4,90 kg/m²) submetidas a seis semanas de treinamento com pesos em superfície estável e instável. As participantes foram alocadas, inicialmente, numa das condições experimentais de forma randomizada e contrabalanceada. A intervenção foi composta por oito exercícios em três séries de oito a dez repetições, com intervalos entre 60 e 90 segundos, durante três semanas. Para avaliação das respostas afetivas, foi aplicada a Escala de Sensação de Hardy e Rejeski ao fim da última série de cada exercício e ao final das sessões, durante as seis semanas. Resultados: As respostas afetivas foram similares para o afeto geral observado ao final das sessões [Superfície estável: 5,00 (3,00); Superfície instável: 5,00 (1,00); p = 0,114], mas não para o exercício de ponte [Superfície estável: 3,00 (2,00); Superfície instável: 4,00 (2,00); p = 0,048)]. Conclusões: Conclui-se que as respostas afetivas de mulheres pós-menopausadas, observadas ao final da sessão, não foram afetas pela instabilidade. Contudo, as sensações de prazer, no exercício de ponte, foram maiores com a inserção da instabilidade


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Postmenopause/physiology , Postmenopause/psychology , Affective Symptoms/psychology , Exercise Therapy/methods , Cross-Over Studies
9.
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1448787

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the association between emotional and behavioural problems and dental fear/anxiety (DFA) in children aged four to 12 years treated at a clinic in southern Brazil. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study where mother-child dyads were interviewed, emotional and behavioural problems were investigated using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) (considering five subscales). Children's DFA was evaluated through the Venham Picture Test. For each SDQ subscale, Poisson regression model was explored. Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated, considering a significant level of p ≤ 0.05. Results: Overall, 128 children participated in this study. Most children were female (54.7%) and aged between 7 and 9 years (39.8%). The prevalence of emotional problems was 47.7% and behavioural problems were 46.1%. The prevalence of DFA was 18.8%. Children with emotional problems had a 2.3 higher prevalence of DFA (95%CI 1.06-5.04). In general, behavioural problems were not associated with DFA (95%CI 0.84-3.34) only when conduct problems were considered (2.20; 95%CI 1.02-4.70). Conclusion: Children aged between 4 and 12 years who present emotional and conduct problems tend to show higher DFA.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Behavioral Symptoms/psychology , Dental Anxiety/psychology , Dental Care for Children/psychology , Affective Symptoms/psychology , Linear Models , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Surveys and Questionnaires , Pediatric Dentistry , Statistics, Nonparametric , Prevalence Ratio , Observational Study
10.
Medicentro (Villa Clara) ; 26(3): 771-780, jul.-set. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1405669

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El ejercicio de la Enfermería tiene un alto componente de responsabilidad y comportamiento ético para el control emocional de las personas con antecedentes de infarto agudo de miocardio. Este sustento le da significado a la práctica de la Enfermería para ser aplicada de forma sistemática y organizada. Se realizó una investigación descriptiva con el objetivo de proponer acciones, desde la Enfermería, que contribuyan al mejoramiento del control emocional en las personas con antecedentes de infarto agudo de miocardio pertenecientes al Policlínico Docente Universitario «Martha Abreu de Estévez¼, de Santa Clara, Villa Clara, en el período de enero de 2017 a febrero de 2019. En las personas estudiadas se constató un predominio de: autoestima baja, alta vulnerabilidad al estrés y la ansiedad. Por otro lado, se evidenciaron dificultades en el conocimiento de sus estados emocionales, incapacidad para clarificar y reparar sus emociones, así como una satisfacción vital no satisfactoria.


ABSTRACT Nursing practice has a high component of responsibility and ethical behavior for the emotional control of people with a history of acute myocardial infarction. This support gives meaning to the practice of Nursing to be applied in a systematic and organized way. A descriptive research was carried out with the objective of proposing actions, from the point of view of Nursing, that contribute to the improvement of emotional control in people with a history of acute myocardial infarction belonging to "Martha Abreu de Estévez" University Teaching Polyclinic, in Santa Clara, Villa Clara, from January 2017 to February 2019. A predominance of low self-esteem, high vulnerability to stress and anxiety was found in the people studied. On the other hand, difficulties in understanding their emotional states, inability to clarify and repair their emotions, as well as unsatisfactory life satisfaction were evidenced.


Subject(s)
Myocardial Infarction , Affective Symptoms , Nursing Care
11.
Más Vita ; 4(2): 64-76, jun. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1392071

ABSTRACT

La insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC) provoca cambios bruscos en la vida del individuo, como el desarrollo de trastornos emocionales que pueden conllevar a cuadros de ansiedad, depresión y estrés; afectando su estado emocional. Objetivo: Validar los instrumentos para analizar la influencia de la hemodiálisis en el estado emocional. Materiales y métodos: La investigación fue de diseño transversal con análisis descriptivo no experimental, modalidad cuali-cuantitativo. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron diseñados y validados por juicio de expertos y analizados estadísticamente con alfa de Cronbach, se empleó una prueba piloto compuesta por 15 personas con insuficiencia renal crónica para la validación de los instrumentos. Resultados: El instrumento cuantitativo presentó un coeficiente de fiabilidad de 0.75 en alfa de Cronbach y el instrumento cualitativo de acuerdo a la rúbrica de los expertos obtuvo un promedio de confiabilidad de 96; por lo que los instrumentos son aprobados y pueden aplicarse con resultados confiables. Conclusión: Los instrumentos tienen una validez, pertinencia y coherencia, adecuados para trabajar en la recolección de datos para determinar el estado emocional de los pacientes sometidos a hemodiálisis. El estudio estableció las asociaciones entre las variables de acuerdo a las etapas de la enfermedad será la predisposición a trastornos del estado de ánimo. Los resultados obtenidos validan la utilidad científica y la efectividad de los instrumentos diseñado(AU)


Chronic renal failure (CRF) causes sudden changes in the individual's life, such as the development of emotional disorders that can lead to anxiety, depression and stress; affecting your emotional state. Objective: To validate the instruments to analyze the influence of hemodialysis on the emotional state. Materials and methods: The research was of a cross-sectional design with non-experimental descriptive analysis, qualitative-quantitative modality. The instruments used were designed and validated by expert judgment and statistically analyzed with Cronbach's alpha. A pilot test consisting of 15 people with chronic renal failure was used to validate the instruments. Results: The quantitative instrument presented a reliability coefficient of 0.75 in Cronbach's alpha and the qualitative instrument, according to the experts' rubric, obtained a reliability average of 96; so the instruments are approved and can be applied with reliable results. Conclusion: The instruments have validity, relevance and coherence, adequate to work on data collection to determine the emotional state of patients undergoing hemodialysis. The study established the associations between the variables according to the stages of the disease will be the predisposition to mood disorders. The results obtained validate the scientific usefulness and effectiveness of the instruments designed(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anxiety , Nursing Diagnosis , Affective Symptoms , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Mood Disorders , Kidney Diseases
12.
Más Vita ; 4(2): 330-339, jun. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1392367

ABSTRACT

La Pandemia COVID 19 es una nueva enfermedad del siglo XXI que afecta a todas las personas y en especial a quienes pertenecen al grupo vulnerable en la salud entre ellos quienes son la primera línea de exposición "los trabajadores sanitarios", los mismos que no estaban preparados emocionalmente para enfrentar a la pandemia mundial. Objetivo: Validar el instrumento de investigación para identificar las diferentes afectaciones emocionales causadas por la pandemia COVID-19 en los trabajadores sanitarios, para establecer la importancia de las emociones y explicar la sintomatología de las afectaciones emocionales durante la pandemia. Materiales y métodos: Se realiza una investigación de tipo descriptiva, de corte transversal. Se realizó una prueba piloto para establecer la validez, pertinencia y coherencia para determinar el grado de confiabilidad del instrumento diseñado; que fue validado por juicio de expertos. Se encuesto a 16 trabajadores sanitarios, seleccionados de forma aleatoriamente. Resultados: El instrumento obtuvo una puntuación de 98,08 de confiabilidad. Conclusión: El instrumento ha sido aprobado como muy confiable tanto en la validez, pertinencia y coherencia(AU)


The COVID 19 Pandemic is a new disease of the 21st century that affects all people and especially those who belong to the vulnerable group in health, including those who are the first line of exposure "health workers", the same ones who do not they were emotionally prepared to face the global pandemic. Objective: To validate the research instrument to identify the different emotional affectations caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in health workers, to establish the importance of emotions and explain the symptomatology of emotional affectations during the pandemic. Materials and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional investigation is carried out. A pilot test was carried out to establish the validity, relevance and coherence to determine the degree of reliability of the designed instrument; which was validated by expert judgment. 16 randomly selected health workers were surveyed. Results: The instrument obtained a reliability score of 98.08. Conclusion: The instrument has been approved as very reliable in terms of validity, relevance and coherence(AU)


Subject(s)
Psychological Distress , COVID-19/psychology , Occupational Health , Health Personnel , Affective Symptoms
13.
Rev. psicol. (Fortaleza, Online) ; 13(1): 44-58, 01/01/2022.
Article in English | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1357838

ABSTRACT

Normative masculinity and alexithymia may negatively affect sexual life and men's well-being. In this study, the endorsement of traditional male norms, alexithymia and sexual behavior were assessed through an online survey directed to Brazilian men. Relationship status and religion were also addressed, and associations and correlations between variables were carried out. The survey presented 66 items, including standardized questionnaires, such as Meanings of Adolescent Masculinity Scale, Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Male Sexual Quotient. The sample consisted in 528 Brazilian men with high socioeconomic and educational levels. Alexithymia was negatively correlated with sexual satisfaction. The endorsement of traditional male norms was positively correlated with pornography use and was also associated with sharing of pornographic material through social media. Married men had the lowest levels of alexithymia, with significant difference when compared with men who are not currently in a relationship. Furthermore, having a religion was associated with greater endorsement of traditional male norms. These findings suggest that alexithymia may have greater influence on behaviors associated with interpersonal relations, including sexual satisfaction and relationship status. Conversely, normative masculinity was linked to personal variables, which did not involve a partner, including pornography consumption and religion.


A masculinidade normativa e alexitimia podem afetar negativamente a vida sexual e o bem-estar dos homens. Neste estudo, a concepção de masculinidade, alexitimia e comportamento sexual foram avaliados por meio de uma pesquisa online dirigida aos homens brasileiros. O status de relacionamento e religião também foram abordados, efetivando-se associações e correlações entre as diferentes variáveis. A pesquisa apresentou 66 itens, incluindo questionários estandardizados, como a Escala de Concepções de Masculinidade, Escala de Alexitimia de Toronto e Quociente Sexual - versão masculina. A amostra consistiu em 528 homens brasileiros com altos níveis socioeconômicos e educacionais. Alexitimia foi negativamente correlacionada com a satisfação sexual. O endosso das normas tradicionais masculinas foi positivamente correlacionado com o uso de pornografia, bem como associado ao compartilhamento de material pornográfico por meio das mídias sociais. Os homens casados obtiveram os níveis mais baixos de alexitimia, com diferença significativa quando comparados com homens que não mantém atualmente um relacionamento. Além disso, ter uma religião foi associado a uma maior percepção de importância das normas tradicionais masculinas. Os achados sugerem que a alexitimia pode possuir maior influência sobre os comportamentos associados às relações interpessoais, incluindo satisfação sexual e status de relacionamento. Por outro lado, a masculinidade normativa foi ligada a variáveis pessoais, que não envolviam um parceiro, incluindo o consumo de pornografia e a religião.


Subject(s)
Sexuality , Affective Symptoms , Masculinity , Men
15.
Rev. cuba. med ; 60(4)dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1408931

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La enfermedad de Parkinson es una entidad neurodegenerativa caracterizada por bradicinesia, temblor en reposo y rigidez. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el sexo y los síntomas motores y no motores en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico transversal sobre la relación entre el sexo y los síntomas motores y no motores en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson en el Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Lucía Íñiguez Landín en el año 2018. El universo estuvo constituido por los 675 pacientes con Parkinson atendidos en consulta. La muestra fue de 110 pacientes. Resultados: Predominó el grupo etario 60-69 años (34,55 por ciento). Los síntomas no motores al inicio de la enfermedad fueron mayores para un 68,18 por ciento. Dentro de los síntomas motores, prevalecieron el temblor (80 por ciento) y la rigidez (72,72 por ciento). El síntoma más prevalente en el sexo masculino fue el temblor y en el femenino la rigidez. Dentro de los síntomas no motores destacaron los trastornos del sueño para un 92,72 por ciento y alteraciones neuropsiquiátricas para un 86,36 por ciento. Conclusiones: En el presente estudio se encontraron diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres en la prevalencia de algunos síntomas motores y no motores(AU)


Introduction: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative entity characterized by bradykinesia, tremor at rest and rigidity. Objective: To determine the relationship between sex and motor and non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical observational study was carried out on the relationship between sex and motor and non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease at Lucía Íñiguez Landín Clinical Surgical Hospital in 2018. The universe consisted of 675 Parkinson's patients seen in consultation. The sample consisted of 110 patients. Results: The age group 60-69 years (34.55percent) predominated. Non-motor symptoms predominated at the beginning of the disease in 68.18percent. Tremor (80percent) and rigidity (72.72percent) predominated within the motor symptoms. The most prevalent symptom in males was tremor and rigidity in females. While as the non-motor symptoms, sleep disorders predominated in 92.72percent and neuropsychiatric disorders in 86.36percent. Conclusions: In the present study, significant differences were found between men and women in the prevalence of some motor and non-motor symptoms(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Parkinson Disease/epidemiology , Sexual Behavior/psychology , Affective Symptoms , Motor Disorders/etiology , Neurologic Manifestations , Cross-Sectional Studies , Observational Study
16.
Rev. Costarric. psicol ; 40(2)dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1387257

ABSTRACT

Resumen Se presenta aplicación y evaluación del Protocolo Unificado Transdiagnóstico para los trastornos emocionales grupal, online sincrónico a estudiantes universitarios que solicitaron atención al Servicio de Atención Psicológica de la Universidad de Cádiz. Se implementó el Protocolo Unificado de ocho módulos desarrollado en 12 sesiones semanales con el objetivo de examinar su eficacia en un formato grupal online. Los objetivos específicos fueron los siguientes: Incrementar la calidad de vida, el optimismo y el afecto positivo y disminuir la sintomatología depresiva y ansiosa, el afecto negativo, las conductas rumiativas, el malestar psicológico y la evitación experiencial. La investigación tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo, exploratorio, descriptivo e interactivo, con un diseño cuasi-experimental, pre-post test para muestras pareadas. Los instrumentos de evaluación fueron los siguientes: OASIS, ODSIS, QLI-Sp, COP, PANAS, RRS, CORE-OM, BEAQ, ficha sociodemográfica ad hoc y una Escala de satisfacción/opinión. Participaron nueve estudiantes con una edad promedio de 21.11. Se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las mediciones pre y pos test en afecto negativo (t = 3.250; p < .012) y en la escala Riesgo del CORE OM (t = 2.401; p < .043). La aplicación del PU en formato grupal online resultó eficaz en el contexto no clínico aplicado: los participantes evidenciaron un progreso en el tratamiento y mejoras en las variables en estudio.


Abstract: This study presents the results of the application of the Unified Transdiagnostic Protocol Treatment of Emotional Disorders in a group format in a non-clinical context, with university students who have asked for therapy at the University Psychological Services. The standardized eight modules-UP was implemented and it was administered in twelve group sessions. Synchronous online weekly and 90-minute long sessions were carried out. UP is an evidence-based cognitive behavioral intervention program to address a wide range of emotional disorders. The general target was to examine the efficacy of UP for the Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in an online group format. The specific targets were: (a) to increase quality of life, optimism and positive affect; and (b) to reduce depressive and anxious symptoms, negative affect, ruminant behaviors, psychological distress and experiential avoidance. This study was carried out with a quantitative, exploratory, descriptive and interactive approach. A quasi-experimental design, pre- and posttest for paired samples was used. Instruments: OASIS, ODSIS, QLI-Sp, COP, PANAS, RRS, CORE-OM, BEAQ, ad hoc socio-demographic file and Opinion Scale. A total of 9 students voluntarily participated in the study (Mean age = 21.11 years). After the intervention, statistically significant diffe- rences were found between the pre- and posttest measurements in negative affect (t = 3.250; p < .012) and in the CORE OM´ Risk Scale (t = 2.401; p < .043). The UP application in a group format with students that asked for therapy has proven to be effective in a non-clinical context, participants have shown progress in the treatment as well as in some psychological areas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Student Health Services , Affective Symptoms , Psychosocial Intervention , Spain
17.
Rev. bras. ciênc. mov ; 29(4): [1-24], out.-dez. 2021. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1369762

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a associação entre a insatisfação com a imagem corporal, por excesso de peso e pela magreza, e diferentes indicadores antropométricos de obesidade em adolescentes do sul do Brasil. Caracterizou-se com um estudo transversal, realizado na cidade de Criciúma ­ SC, com 575 adolescentes de 11 a 17 anos, de ambos os sexos. A imagem corporal foi avaliada por meio de escala de silhuetas. Os indicadores antropométricos de obesidade Índice de Massa Corporal, Relação Cintura-Estatura, Perímetro da Cintura e Índice de Conicidade foram avaliados conforme protocolo da Sociedade internacional para o Avanço da Cineantropometria. Adolescentes do sexo masculino, de 11 a 13 anos insatisfeitos pela magreza, apresentaram menores chances de ter Relação Cintura-Estatura elevada (RC: 0,1; IC95%: 0,04 - 0,51) e maiores chances de ter Índice de Conicidade elevado (RC: 4,4; IC95%:1,28-15,20) quando comparados com adolescentes satisfeitos com a imagem corporal. Adolescentes do sexo feminino, de 11 a 13 anos insatisfeitas pela magreza, apresentaram menores chances de ter Índice de Massa Corporal (RC: 0,1; IC95%: 0,02 - 0,58) e Índice de Conicidade (RC: 0,2; IC95%: 0,05 - 0,94) elevados e maiores chances de ter Relação Cintura-Estatura elevada (RC: 23,6; IC95%: 3,35-166,85) quando comparadas às adolescentes satisfeitas com a imagem corporal. Concluiu-se que existe associação entre a imagem corporal e indicadores antropométricos de obesidade para adolescentes de 11 a 13 anos, principalmente nos insatisfeitos pela magreza. No sexo masculino, distintos indicadores antropométricos de obesidade abdominal trazem interpretações distintas na associação com a imagem corporal. No sexo feminino, indica distorção da própria imagem corporal, que pode levar as adolescentes a adotarem comportamentos alimentares inadequados, levando à riscos à sua saúde. (AU)


The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between body image dissatisfaction due to overweight and thinness and different anthropometric indicators of obesity in adolescents from southern Brazil. Characterized as a Cross - sectional study conducted in the city of Criciúma - SC, with 575 adolescents aged 11-17 years of both sexes. Body image was assessed by a silhouette scale. Anthropometric indicators of obesity body mass index, waist-to-height ratio, waist circumference and conicity index were evaluated according to the International Society for the Advancement of Kinantropometry protocol. Male adolescents aged 11-13 years dissatisfied due to thinness, were less likely of having high waist-to-height ratio (OR: 0.1; 95% CI: 0.04 - 0.51) and more likely of having elevated conicity index (OR: 4.4; 95% CI: 1.28-15.20) when compared to adolescents satisfied with their body image. Female adolescents aged 11-13 years dissatisfied due to thinness were less likely of having high body mass index (OR: 0.1; 95% CI: 0.02 - 0.58) and conicity index (OR: 0.2; 95% CI: 0.05 - 0.94) and more likely of having high waist-to-height ratio (OR: 23.6; 95% CI: 3.35-166.85) when compared to adolescents satisfied with their body image. Concluded that there is an association between body image and anthropometric indicators of obesity for adolescents aged 11-13 years, especially those dissatisfied due to thinness. In males, different anthropometric indicators of abdominal obesity bring different interpretations in association with body image. In females, it indicates distortion of their own body image, which can lead adolescents to adopt inappropriate eating behaviors, leading to health risks. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Students , Anthropometry , Adolescent , Physical Appearance, Body , Thinness , Body Height , Body Image , Body Mass Index , Affective Symptoms , Overweight , Waist Circumference , Kinanthropometry , Body Dissatisfaction , Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases , Obesity
18.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 43(11): 826-833, Nov. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1357077

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective The psychosocial burden of infertility among couples can be one of the most important reasons for women's emotional disturbance. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of counseling on different emotional aspects of infertile women. Methods The present randomized clinical trial was performed on 60 couples with primary infertility who were referred for treatment for the first time and did not receive psychiatric or psychological treatment. Samples were allocated to an intervention group (30 couples) and a control group (30 couples) by simple randomization. The intervention group received infertility counseling for 6 45-minute sessions twice a week, and the control group received routine care. The Screening on Distress in Fertility Treatment (SCREENIVF) questionnaire was completed before and after the intervention. Samples were collected from November to December 2016 for 3 months. For the data analysis, we used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, United States) software, version 19.0, and the paired t-test, the independent t-test, the Mann-Whitney test, the Wilcoxon test, and the Chi-squared test. Results The mean age of the participants was 33.39±5.67 years. All studied couples had primary infertility and no children. The mean duration of the couples' infertilitywas 3 years. There was a significant difference regarding depression (1.55±1.92; p<0.0001), social support (15.73±3.41; p<0.0001), and cognitions regarding domains of fertility problems (26.48±3.05; p=0.001) between the 2 groups after the intervention, but there was no significant difference regarding anxiety (25.03±3.09; p=0.35). Conclusion The findings showed that infertility counseling did not affect the total score of infertile women' emotional status, but improved the domains of it except, anxiety.


Resumo Objetivo A carga psicossocial da infertilidade entre casais pode ser uma das razões mais importantes para os distúrbios emocionais emmulheres. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito do aconselhamento em diferentes aspectos emocionais de mulheres inférteis. Métodos Este ensaio clínico randomizado foi realizado com 60 casais com infertilidade primária indicados para tratamento pela primeira vez mas que não receberam tratamento psiquiátrico ou psicológico. As amostras foram alocadas em um grupo de intervenção (30 casais) e um grupo de controle (30 casais) por randomização simples. O grupo de intervenção recebeu aconselhamento sobre infertilidade por 6 sessões de 45 minutos 2 vezes por semana e o grupo controle recebeu cuidados de rotina. O questionário de Triagem por Aflição no Tratamento da Infertilidade (Screening on Distress in Fertility Treatment SCREENIVF em inglês) foi preenchido antes e após a intervenção. As amostras foramcoletadas de novembro a dezembro de 2016 durante 3 meses. Para a análise dos dados usamos o programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows IBMCorp. Armonk NY Estados Unidos) versão 19.0 e os testes-t pareado e independente e os testes de Mann-Whitney de Wilcoxon e do qui quadrado. Resultados A média de idade dos participantes foi de 33 39 ± 5 67 anos. Todos os casais estudados tinham infertilidade primária e não tinham filhos. A duraçãomédia da infertilidade dos casais era de 3 anos. Houve diferença significativa quanto à depressão (1 55±1 92; p<0 0001) ao apoio social (15 73±3 41; p <0 0001) e às cognições em relação aos campos dos problemas de fertilidade (26 48±3 05; p=0 001) entre dois grupos após a intervenção mas não houve diferença significativa com relação à ansiedade (25 03±3 09; p=0 35). Conclusão Os achados mostraram que o aconselhamento sobre infertilidade não afetou a pontuação total do estado emocional de mulheres inférteis mas melhorou seus campos exceto a ansiedade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Infertility, Female/therapy , Anxiety , Counseling , Affective Symptoms , Emotions
19.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 27(3): 299-302, July-Sept. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1288575

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction The paper investigates burnout causes and relevant affecting factors of juvenile trampolinists. Objective With 93 participants aged U10-16 of 2019 National Juvenile Trampoline Championship as investigation objects, to improve the current situation of juvenile burnout, exploring the methodology to alleviate and eliminate it, enhancing the sense of achievement in training and competition and providing a theoretical basis for coaches to train and cultivate athletes. Methods Questionnaire survey, semi-structured interview, mathematical statistics. Results The burnout level of the trampolinists is below the moderate level, and the overall burnout level of athletes is not high; the sense of achievement decrease> negative evaluation of sports>emotional/physical exhaustion; the correlation between the overall level of burnout of athletes and different genders, training age, education stage and athlete level is not significant; in terms of burnout, there are very significant positive correlations(P<0.01) between overload factor, personal factor, and situational factor, and emotional/physical exhaustion, sense of achievement decrease and negative evaluation of sports respectively. Conclusions Strengthen the communication with trampolinists, improve their self-regulation ability in various ways, master the methods to alleviate burnout, and increase social support for them. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.


RESUMO Introdução O artigo investiga as causas do burnout e os fatores que afetam os jovens trampolinistas. Objetivo Ter como objeto de pesquisa 93 participantes de U10-16 do Campeonato Nacional Juvenil de Trampolim 2019, para melhorar a situação atual do burnout juvenil, explorando a metodologia para amenizá-lo e eliminá-lo, potencializando a sensação de realização em treinamentos e competições e proporcionando uma base para os treinadores trabalharem com os atletas. Métodos Questionário de levantamento, entrevista semiestruturada, estatística matemática. Resultados O nível de burnout dos trampolinistas está abaixo do nível moderado e o nível geral de burnout dos atletas não é alto; diminuição da sensação de realização> avaliação negativa de esportes> burnout emocional/físico; a correlação entre o nível geral de burnout dos atletas e os diferentes gêneros, a idade de treinamento, o estágio educacional e o nível do atleta não é significativa; Em termos de burnout, existem correlações positivas altamente significativas (P <0,01) entre o fator de sobrecarga, o fator pessoal e o fator situacional, e burnout emocional/físico, a diminuição do senso de realização e a avaliação negativa dos esportes, respectivamente. Conclusões Fortalecer a comunicação com os trampolinistas, melhorar sua capacidade de autorregulação de várias maneiras, dominar os métodos para aliviar o burnout e aumentar o apoio social para eles. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos: investigação dos resultados do tratamento.


RESUMEN Introducción El artículo investiga las causas del burnout y los factores que afectan a los trampolinistas juveniles. Objetivo Con 93 participantes de edades U10-16 del Campeonato Nacional Juvenil de Trampolín 2019 como objetos de investigación, mejorar la situación actual del burnout juvenil, explorando la metodología para aliviarlo y eliminarlo, potenciando el sentido de logro en entrenamientos y competencias y brindando un base para que los entrenadores trabajen con los atletas. Métodos Encuesta por cuestionario, entrevista semiestructurada, estadística matemática. Resultados El nivel de burnout de los trampolinistas está por debajo del nivel moderado y el nivel de burnout general de los atletas no es alto; disminución del sentido de logro> evaluación negativa de los deportes> burnout emocional / físico; la correlación entre el nivel general de burnout de los atletas y los diferentes géneros, la edad de entrenamiento, la etapa educativa y el nivel del atleta no es significativa; en términos de burnout, existen correlaciones positivas muy significativas (P <0,01) entre el factor de sobrecarga, el factor personal y el factor situacional, y el burnout emocional / físico, la disminución del sentido de logro y la evaluación negativa de los deportes, respectivamente. Conclusiones Fortalecer la comunicación con los trampolinistas, mejorar su capacidad de autorregulación de diversas formas, dominar los métodos para aliviar el burnout y aumentar el apoyo social a ellos. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos: investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Affective Symptoms/psychology , Athletes/psychology , Youth Sports/psychology , Burnout, Psychological/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Models, Theoretical
20.
Dolor ; 31(74): 18-24, sept. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362788

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El dolor crónico de la espalda forma parte de los síntomas que afectan la salud musculoesquelética. Las estrategias de afrontamiento van a determinar la experiencia del dolor actuando como mediador de las emociones. Objetivo General: Caracterizar las estrategias de afrontamiento y las alteraciones emocionales en pacientes con dolor crónico de la espalda, Cienfuegos 2020. Material y Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de serie de casos, en el Hospital Provincial Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima de la provincia de Cienfuegos, Cuba, en los meses de septiembre de 2019 a enero de 2020. Se realizó un muestreo no probabilístico casual o a conveniencia de participantes voluntarios, con los pacientes que fueron atendidos en consulta de Ortopedia durante el periodo de investigación declarado. El análisis estadístico de la información se realizó en el paquete estadístico SPSS. Resultados: Se obtuvo un predominio de estrategias de afrontamiento pasivas, así como alteraciones emocionales donde predomina la ansiedad y la depresión en niveles moderado-alto, mientras que en la ira se obtuvieron valores inferiores. Conclusión: Las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por los pacientes de estudio se caracterizan por ir dirigidas fundamentalmente a la modificación de las reacciones emocionales que genera el dolor, pero no a lograr una adaptación a las nuevas circunstancias impuestas por la enfermedad, ni a un control instrumental del mismo.


Introduction: Chronic back pain is one of the symptoms that affect musculoskeletal health. Coping strategies will determine the experience of pain acting as a mediator of emotions. General aim: To characterize coping strategies and the emotional alterations in patients with chronic back pain, Cienfuegos 2020. Material and method: It was carried out a descriptive study, series of cases, in the University Hospital "Dr. GustavoAldereguía Lima", Cienfuegos municipality, Cuba, from September, 2019 to January, of 2020. It was done a non-probabilistic sampling to convenience. The patients who were treated at the outpatient orthopedics consulting office and voluntarily accepted to participate in the study during the declared period of investigation were chosen. The statistical analysis of the information was carried out in the statistical package SPSS. Results: A prevalence of passive coping strategies was obtained, so much in the interview semiestructurada as in the Coping Reduced Questionnaire to the pain. Regarding the negatives emotional states prevailed the anxiety and depression in moderate-high levels, while in anger lower values were obtained. Conclusions: The most frequent coping strategies in the studied patients were the passive ones, aimed to regulate emotional states, but not to control pain.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Adaptation, Psychological , Back Pain/psychology , Affective Symptoms/diagnosis , Chronic Pain/psychology , Anxiety/diagnosis , Surveys and Questionnaires , Affective Symptoms/psychology , Cuba , Depression/diagnosis
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